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    Name: Sharmindran

       Class: Grade 11 Green

       Unit Title: Human Resources

       AOI: Health & Social Education

       MYP Unit Question: To what extent can leaders play a role in shaping their subordinates?

       Teacher: Ms. Theresa

  

Leadership

Leadership Styles

A leader can take a number of different approaches to leading and managing an organization. 

According to Kurt Lewin (1939), there are three different styles of leadership, in particular around decision-making. 

• Autocratic
• Democratic
• Laissez-Faire

This early study has been very influential and established three major leadership styles. (Lewin, LIippit, White 1939, U.S. Army Handbook, 1973). Although good leaders use all three styles, with one of them normally dominant, bad leaders tend to stick with one style and its normally autocratic.

Are Leaders Born or Made?

Are Leader Born or Made?

Based on my opinion I think leaders are made because it is type of skill that can be developed. Leaders improve by getting feedback and using it. The best leaders seek feedback from their boss, their peers and their subordinates. Then they modify their behavior so that they get better results. Leaders learn by trying things out and then critiquing their performance because experience is the best teacher.

Style 1 - Autocratic

Autocratic

Autocratic style is where the leader takes decisions without consulting with others. The decision is made without any form of consultation. Only the LEADER’S decision counts!

The autocratic management has been successful as it provides strong motivation to the manager. This provides for quick decision making but is generally not successful in gaining employee engagement or maintaining worker satisfaction.

Autocratic Style is best for:

• Military
• Manufacturing
• Construction

Style 2 - Democratic

Democratic

Democratic Style is where leaders make the final decisions, but they include team members in the decision-making process. They encourage creativity, and team members are often highly engaged in projects and decisions.

 It is generally the most effective leadership style. Democratic style of leadership involves the leader sharing decision- making abilities with group members while also promoting the interests of the group members and practicing social equality. Employees will likely enjoy this style of leadership because it gives them a say in many decisions.

Democratic style works best at: 

• Creativity groups for advertising and design 
• Consulting
• Much of the service industry 
• Education 

Style 3 - Laissez-Faire

Laissez-Faire 

Laissez-faire style is where the leader's involvement in decision-making, and hence allowing people to make their own decisions, although they may still be responsible for the outcome.

A person may be in a leadership position without providing leadership, leaving the group to fend for itself. Subordinates are given a free hand in deciding their own policies and methods. This can sometimes be a positive leadership style if workers are responsible and self-starting and do not require a lot of supervision. In this situation employees may enjoy a laissez-faire style of a leader.

Note: Laissez Faire (or lais·ser faire) is the noninterference in the affairs of others. (French : laissez, second person pl. imperative of laisser, to let, allow + faire, to do.)

Organizational Structure

Organizational Structure

Every organisation made up of more than one person will need some form of organisational structure. An organisational chart shows the way in which the chain of command works within the organisation.  Organisation chart contains information on the structure of the organisation, flow of authority, spheres of responsibility, line and staff relations and name and status of personnel in different positions. 

• Communication is faster and more accurate. The message has to pass through less people.

• Managers are closer to all employees so that they can understand the business better.

• Spans of control will be wider, meaning that the manager would have to take care of more subordinates, this makes:

            •    The manager delegate more, and we already know the advantages of delegation.
            •         Workers gain more job satisfaction and feel trusted because of delegation.

Steve Jobs

Steve Jobs

Steve Jobs was a computer designer, executive and innovator, as well as an all-around role model for many people in both their businesses and their personal lives. As the cofounder of Apple Computers and former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios.

Autocratic Style

When Jobs speaks, everybody stops and listens to him, be it a meeting or a Worldwide Developer Conference. Jobs just had the charisma to capture people’s attention. Jobs autocratic leadership style was accepted by his employees, some may not have liked it but they stood with him and the company and never regretted their decision. The study also found Jobs to be a meticulous perfectionist. Jobs never approves a product without fully testing them, him being a beta tester for all of Apple’s product had made sure Apple delivered what the market wanted.

Why
I admire Jobs because achieve his goal with the way he wants. Just 14 years ago, Apple was on the verge of bankruptcy. Today, it is the world's most admired technology company and also one of the most valuable company. Jobs is the only person that made it possible. He invented iPad, iPod, iPhone and many more. Many people were influenced by his product because even my classmates supported Apple products and that point of time, if you have any Apple products, you are considered high class. The only person that I could blame, is Jobs because he managed to influence many people that Apple does better than any products.

10 Leadership Tips from Steve Jobs

• Simplify
• Control the Experience
• Innovate
• Ignore Reality
• Have Confidence
• Rethink Designs
• Collaborate
• Vision + Details
• Rebel
• Team With Winners

If You Don't Know Who Is Steve Jobs. Please Watch The Video In The Given Link Below...

http://money.cnn.com/video/technology/2011/08/24/t_steve_jobs_apple_fall_rise.fortune/

Apple's Organizational Structure

Organizational Structure of Apple.Inc

In my opinion, I think this organizational structure suits the best for Apple.Inc. Well, it’s good and well organized because since Steve Jobs is an autocratic leader and he wants things to work as the way he wants. If I was in charge of Apple.Inc I will not change anything because the way it is being right now is the best. I think I will Apple.Inc better by creating different types of products such as: iWatch, iTv, iWater. Besides, I will also make sure that the current existing product will be much advance than other brands in terms of design and technology.

Recruitment

Recruitment

Recruitment is one of the steps in the hiring process companies use to recruit and hire new employees. The recruitment phase of the hiring process takes place when the company tries to reach a pool of candidates through job postings on company and external websites, job referrals and many more. Steve Jobs only recruit people who are really smart and also the people that fell in love with Apple because if they fall in love with Apple, everything else will take care of itself. They'll want to do what's best for Apple, not what's best for them, what's best for Jobs, or anybody else. Steve Jobs believe the only way to do great work is to love what you do.

Job Advert

UI/UX Designer

·         Job Number: 28370505

·         Sacramento, California, United States

·         Posted: Sep. 28, 2013

·         Weekly Hours: 40.00

Job Summary

Apple's Strategic Data Solutions team is seeking a Lead User Experience Designer who possesses a passion for great design, a superb aesthetic sense, an exceptional eye for detail, and a deep appreciation for user experience in data analysis. The ideal candidate will also possess the ability to quickly grasp and distill highly complex matters into clean, understandable solutions. 

Key Qualifications

§  The ideal candidate has 7+ years experience in user-centered design, and is hands on from the initial wireframes, to developing prototypes and providing final assets.

§  Programs:

§  Photoshop, Illustrator, Dreamweaver, Flash, After Effects, Maya, ZBrush, Axure RP, Omnigraffle, Tableau, Keynote, Pages, Skitch

§  Languages:

§  xHTML, CSS3, HTML5, Javascript, Jquery, Ext JS, Actionscript 2&3, AJAX,

Description

Delivering wireframes, ux flows, mockups, interactive prototypes, design specifications, final assets Personas and use case development Work closely with business analysts and stakeholders in driving user goals Lead focus groups, AB testing and Usability tests Cross platform responsive web applications for mobile, tablet and desktop Modular designs for scalability Data visualization technologies such as D3, Highcharts, Highstocks and Tableau Gamification of mundane features (Social gaming experience is a plus) Collaborate with a team of designers and offshore developers Website performance optimization using techniques such as CSS sprites and minification Identity design such as logo and print marketing material Background in traditional art, 3D modeling and visual effects

Education

Higher degree in Visual Communications or related field

In my opinion, the recruitment that Steve Jobs carried out is fair because what he said is true. If you don’t have the interest in that job, why do you want to apply? I believe the quality of your work determines your salary. I would like to work there as software engineering because I will upgrade the operating system frequently because it attracts many people to buy Apple product. The cooler the technology, the more the people will buy.

Training

Training

Types of Training in Apple:

• One on One

• Team

On the job - during the interview, sometimes you have to demonstrate your expertise. Once you are selected you will be sent for a training camp. Apple computer has experienced both good and bad times as a main player in the computer industry. It has been a leader in computer technology in the past but has struggled recently in keeping pace in the fast developing computer industry. In team, you will be put in a test to check your communication skills, company’s background. During that program, those trainers will groom and prepare you for the job that you have been appointed. So there are both On and Off the job training. Yes, there are soft skills training that apple provide, if you apply for store leadership. Apple.Inc will train your customer service skills, language and also the product back ground before you are allowed to work.

Motivation

Motivation

“As an Apple At-Home Advisor, you’ll receive coveted perks that you can enjoy without ever leaving home. These include fantastic benefits, employee discounts, and the opportunity to grow with Apple. We’re always looking for ways to improve our employees’ quality of life, reward them, and make them feel valued.” 

Apple has just started a new way to motivate the workers where workers get the stay at their house while working. YES. This way would totally motivate me.

I think they can get even more employees if they provide an amount of money to every employee and ask them to decorate their own workplace which I think would be the best way to motivate the employees. 

Corporate Culture

Corporate Culture

Every organization, from small businesses to large corporations, has a culture. The culture refers to the values and attitudes of employees in the business or organization. In a business with an unhealthy culture, employees act as individuals, performing their duties to meet their own needs, such as a paycheck or health benefits. A healthy corporate culture values each employee in the organization regardless of his job duties, which results in employees working as a team to meet the company’s and their own personal needs. Healthy corporate culture improves the performance of a business in a number of areas.

In Apple.Inc, Steve Jobs have proven in recent years, a strong company culture can propel a business from the verge of bankruptcy to breathtaking heights in just a few short years. Every time a projects of a new product kick starts, he always tell his employees to fall in love with the product first. Yes, a corporate culture is very important for a company because it determines the success of a company.